State-Specific Exceptions to Religious Exemption to Autopsy


CALIFORNIA

Cal.Gov.Code. § 27491.43 (c)

Notwithstanding the existence of a certificate, the coroner may at any time perform an autopsy or any other procedure if he or she has a reasonable suspicion that the death was caused by the criminal act of another or by a contagious disease constituting a public health hazard.

MARYLAND

§ 5-310(1)

If the medical examiner who investigates a medical examiner's case considers an autopsy necessary, the Chief Medical Examiner, the Deputy Chief Medical Examiner, an assistant medical examiner, or a pathologist authorized by the Chief Medical Examiner shall perform the autopsy.

NEW JERSEY

N. J. Stat. 52:17B-88.2

Dissection or autopsy; contrary to decedents' religious beliefs Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, no dissection or autopsy shall be performed, in the absence of a compelling public necessity, over the objection of a member of the deceased's immediate family or in the absence thereof, a friend of the deceased that the procedure is contrary to the religious belief of the decedent or if there is an obvious reason to believe that a dissection or autopsy is contrary to the decedent's religious beliefs

Definitions

As used in this act:

"Compelling public necessity" means

(1) That the dissection or autopsy is essential to the criminal investigation of a homicide of which the decedent is the victim; or

(2) That the discovery of the cause of death is necessary to meet an immediate and substantial threat to the public health and that a dissection or autopsy is essential to ascertain the cause of death; or

(3) That the death was that of an inmate of a prison, jail or penitentiary; or

(4) That the death was that of a child under the age of 12 years suspected of having been abused or neglected or suspected of being a threat to public health, and the cause of whose death is not apparent after diligent investigation by the medical examiner; or

(5) That the need for a dissection or autopsy is established pursuant to the provisions of section 4 of this act

N. J. Stat. 52:17B-88.4

Whenever, in the opinion of a medical examiner, there is a compelling public necessity in circumstances not provided for in paragraphs (1), (2), (3) and (4) of section 1 of this act to perform an autopsy or dissection; and a member of the deceased's immediate family or, in the absence thereof, a friend objects that the autopsy or dissection is contrary to religious beliefs of the deceased or there is an obvious reason to believe that the autopsy or dissection is contrary to the religious beliefs of the deceased, then the medical examiner may institute an action in the Superior Court for an order authorizing the autopsy or dissection. The action shall be instituted by an order to show cause on notice to the member of the deceased's immediate family or friend, or if none is known, then to such party as the court may direct.

NEW YORK

Public Health Law §4209-b

In the absence of "compelling public necessity"(as defined by the statute), no autopsy shall be performed where there is evidence that such procedure is contrary to the religious belief of the decedent

Public Health Law §4209-c.2

For the purposes of this section: (a) "compelling public necessity" shall mean:

(i) that the dissection or autopsy is essential to the conduct of a criminal investigation of a homicide, as defined in section 125.00 of the penal law, of which the decedent is the victim, or

(ii) that discovery of the cause of death is necessary to meet an immediate and substantial threat to the public health and that a dissection or autopsy is essential to ascertain the cause of death, or

(iii) that the need for a dissection or autopsy is established in accordance with subdivision five of this section.

OHIO

ORC. § 313.131 (C)(1)

Except as provided in division (F) of this section, if a relative or friend of the deceased person informs the coroner that an autopsy is contrary to the deceased person's religious beliefs, or the coroner otherwise has reason to believe that an autopsy is contrary to the deceased person's religious beliefs, and the coroner concludes the autopsy is a compelling public necessity, no autopsy shall be performed for forty-eight hours after the coroner takes charge of the deceased person. An autopsy is a compelling public necessity if it is necessary to the conduct of an investigation by law enforcement officials of a homicide or suspected homicide, or any other criminal investigation, or is necessary to establish the cause of the deceased person's death for the purpose of protecting against an immediate and substantial threat to the public health. During the forty-eight hour period, the objecting relative or friend may file suit to enjoin the autopsy, and shall give notice of any such filing to the coroner. The coroner may seek an order waiving the forty-eight hour waiting period. If the coroner seeks such an order, the court shall give notice of the coroner's motion, by telephone if necessary, to the objecting relative or friend, or, if none objected, to all of the deceased person's relatives whose addresses or telephone numbers can be obtained through the exercise of reasonable diligence. The court may grant the coroner's motion if the court determines that no friend or relative of the deceased person objects to the autopsy or if the court is satisfied that any objections of a friend or relative have been heard, and if it also determines that the delay may prejudice the accuracy of the autopsy, or if law enforcement officials are investigating the deceased person's death as a homicide and suspect the objecting party committed the homicide or aided or abetted in the homicide. If no friend or relative files suit within the forty-eight hour period, the coroner may proceed with the autopsy.

ORC. § 313.131 (F)

(1) Divisions (C)(1) and (2) of this section do not apply in any case involving aggravated murder, suspected aggravated murder, murder, suspected murder, manslaughter offenses, or suspected manslaughter offenses.

SOURCE: Summary of Autopsy Consent Laws